一帶一路 | 日本：湍急的河流 Fast-Flowing Rivers

湍急的河流

Fast-Flowing Rivers

山巒疊嶂的日本河流密佈。絕大多數河流水流湍急，河水在流出山谷和盆地之後不久即匯入大海。黑部川便是河川徑流“湍急”的極好證明，該河從其源頭—海拔2,900米高的日本阿爾卑斯山奔流而下，僅流經83公里便匯入日本海。

Mountainous Japan is blessed with many rivers. Most of Japan’s rivers flow very fast, their waters reaching the ocean not long after leaving mountain valleys and basins. An example of the “steepness” of river flows is the Kurobe River, which joins the Sea of Japan after flowing only 83 kilometers from its source in the Japan Alps at an altitude of over 2,900 meters.

日本最長的河流是信濃川，它從中部地區的山地出發，穿過新潟縣，一路奔騰367公里，到達日本海。利根川是第二大河流，它流經關東平原融入太平洋。第三大河流是北海道的石狩川，全長268公里。

Japan’s longest river is the Shinano River, which flows 367 kilometers from the mountains of the Chubu region through Niigata Prefecture to the Sea of Japan. Second in length is the Tone River, which flows through the Kanto Plain to the Pacific Ocean, and third in length is the Ishikari River in Hokkaido, at 268 kilometers.

 
從高山奔流而下的眾多河流對日本地形地貌的塑造起了很大的作用，締造了大大小小的山谷和盆地，在河流入海口附近形成了扇形的三角洲。日本的大多數平原面積都很小。最大的是關東平原，包括部分櫪木、茨城、群馬、埼玉、千葉、東京和神奈川等縣市。其他相對較大的平原地區有越後平原（位於新潟縣）、石狩川平原（位於北海道），以及濃尾平原（位於愛知和岐阜兩縣境內）。

The many rivers descending from mountainous areas have done much to mold Japan’s topography, creating large and small valleys and basins and producing fan-shaped deltas near the points where they flow into the sea. Most of the country’s plains are small.The largest is the Kanto Plain, which includes parts of Tochigi, Ibaraki, Gunma, Saitama, Chiba, Tokyo, and Kanagawa prefectures. Other relatively large areas of flat land are the Echigo Plain (Niigata Prefecture), the Ishikari Plain (Hokkaido), and the Nobi Plain (Aichi and Gifu prefectures).