澳門經濟概況
2014 年全年的本地生產總值較2013年實質收縮0.4%，本地生產總值為4,433.0億澳門元。經濟收縮的主要原因是服務出口減少 7.9%，而其他旅遊服務出口只輕微下跌 0.3%。另外，本地生產總值其他組成部分在過去一年錄得不同程度的升幅，其中固定資本投資、私人消費及政府最終消費支出分別錄得815.4億澳門元、859.8億澳門元及313.3億澳門元，同比增長48.7%、11.0%及17.1%；同時，貨物出口及貨物進口均有所上升，分別錄得152.0億澳門元及1,133.9億澳門元，同比增長19.7%及15.5%；而服務進口則減少10.6%，錄得848.9億澳門元。由於內部需求表現較理想，抵銷了大部分旅遊服務出口下跌的影響，令全年經濟只錄得輕微收縮。
For 2014 as a whole, the economy of Macao declined modestly by 0.4%, in real terms, the GDP amounted to MOP443.3 billion 2. The economic contraction was mainly due to a 7.9% decrease in exports of services, whilst exports of other tourism services edged down by 0.3%. Despite exports of services, other components of GDP recorded notable growth over the past year, of which the gross fixed capital formation, private consumption expenditure and government final consumption expenditure, amounted to MOP81.5 billion, MOP85.9 billion and MOP31.3 billion respectively (year-on-year growth rates were 48.7%, 11.0% and 17.1%). Meanwhile, merchandise exports and imports increased by 19.7% and 15.5% over the previous year, amounted to MOP15.2 billion and MOP113.4 billion respectively. However, imports of services dropped by 10.6%, amounted to MOP84.9 billion. As the negative effects of decreased in exports of services were largely offset by the better performance of domestic demand, the economy only recorded a mere contraction in 2014.
就業市場持續發展，2014 年第四季勞動人口為40.6萬人，其中就業人口39.9萬人，勞動參與率為 74.4%，失業率維持 1.7%，就業不足率為0.4%，總體就業人口每月工作收入中位數為14,000澳門元，同比上升13.8%。綜合消費物價指數在住屋及燃料和食物及非酒精飲品的價格上升帶動下，2014 年按年上升6.05%。
The labor market continued its development. In the fourth quarter of 2014, labor force was at 406 thousand, from which 399 thousand were employed, with the active labor rate registered at 74.4%. Unemployment rate remained steadily at 1.7%, and underemployment rate was 0.4%. Compared to 2013, the overall median monthly employment earnings rose by 13.8% to MOP14,000. The Composite CPI of 2014 went up by 6.05% year-on-year, which was mainly due to the price increase in housing and fuels, food and non-alcoholic beverages.
公共財政方面，2014年財政收入為1,560.7億澳門元，財政支出為657.8億澳門元，分別減少11.3%及增加28.0%。
In respect of public finance in 2014, public revenue and public expenditure amounted to MOP156.1 billion and MOP65.8 billion respectively, with a decrease of 11.3% and an increase of 28.0% over the previous year.
對外貨物貿易 Foreign Trade
對外貨物貿易方面，2014 年貨物貿易出口總額為99.1億澳門元，同比上升9.0%，然而，其中主要出口產品紡織品及成衣的出口值下跌7.7%至7.8億澳門元。
貨物進口方面，受經濟規模和內部需求持續擴大所帶動，進口總額同比上升11.0%至899.5億澳門元，進口貨品以消費品和資本貨物為主。貿易逆差為800.4億澳門元，同比擴大 11.3%，主要交易夥伴包括有中國內地、歐盟、香港和美國等。
In 2014, the total value of merchandise exports increased by 9.0% year-on-year to MOP9.9 billion. However, the major component of the exports – value of textile and garment, dropped by 7.7% to MOP780 million. As regards merchandise imports, with the continuous expansion of the economy and domestic demand, total value of imports rose by 11.0% to MOP89.9 billion. The major imported items were consumer goods and capital goods. The trade deficit amounted to MOP80.0 billion, widened by 11.3% year-on-year. Macao’s major trading partners were Mainland China, the European Union, Hong Kong and the United States.
旅遊娛樂業 Tourism and Gaming
旅遊業持續發展，2014 年入境旅客為3,152.6萬人次，同比上升 7.5%；來自中國內地的旅客上升14.1%至2,125.2 萬人次，其中956.6萬人次是以個人遊方式來澳，同比上升 18.7%；而來自香港的旅客則下跌5.0%，錄得642.7萬人次。全年旅客人均消費為1,959澳門元，同比減少3.5%。2014年博彩毛收入下跌2.5%至3,527.1億澳門元，博彩稅總收入達1,367.1億澳門元，上升1.7%。
Tourism grew steadily in 2014. Visitors’ arrivals recorded a 7.5% growth year-on-year, amounted to 31.526 million. Visitors from Mainland increased by 14.1% to 21.252 million, of which 9.566 million was under the Individual Traveler Scheme, recorded an 18.7% growth year-on-year. Nonetheless, visitors from Hong Kong dropped by 5.0% to 6.427 million. In 2014, per-capita spending of visitors decreased by 3.5% year-on-year to MOP1,959. Gross gaming revenue dropped by 2.5% to MOP352.7 billion, and tax revenue from gaming rose slightly by 1.7% to MOP136.7 billion.
零售業 Retail Sales
零售市場受到週邊因素影響，以致增長放緩。2014年全年零售業銷售總額為676.5億澳門元，同比增長1.3%；其中成人服裝的銷售額上升4.5%至 68.3 億澳門元，百貨貨品銷售額上升4.6%至99.2億澳門元，超級市場貨品銷售額亦有10.6%的升幅，達41.8億澳門元；而鐘錶及珠寶和皮具製品分別減少11.4%和4.5%至181.4億澳門元和75.5億澳門元。
The overall retail sales of 2014 grew modestly by 1.3% due to the slow global economic recovery and changes in tourists’ spending profile. The total value of retail sales was MOP67.65 billion. Analysed by retail outlet, value of retail sales of adult’s clothing rose by 4.5% to MOP6.8 billion; goods in department stores increased by 4.6% to MOP9.92 billion; and goods in supermarkets grew by 10.6% to MOP4.18 billion. However, value of retail sales of watches, clock and jewellery and leather goods down by 11.4% and 4.5% to MOP18.14 billion and MOP7.55 billion respectively.
金融業 Financial Sector
金融業發展步伐加快，2014年全年銀行業盈利為108.6億澳門元，大幅增長28.2%。總存款為7,910.8億澳門元，上升16.2%，總貸款亦錄得 29.0%的升幅，至6,897億澳門元；不良貸款為8.4億澳門元，增加66.7%；期內新批核的住宅按揭貸款為559.7億澳門元，同比上升39.9%。保險業增長迅速，全年毛保費收入大幅上升30.2%，達88.9億澳門元。
The financial sector accelerated the pace of development in 2014, with banking profits amounted to MOP10.86 billion, with a significant increase of 28.2%. Total deposits reached MOP791.08 billion, and total loans valued at MOP689.7 billion, up by 16.2% and 29.0% respectively. Non-performing loans rose by 66.7% year-on-year to MOP840 million, while those of newly-approved housing mortgage loans increased by 39.9% year-on-year to MOP55.97 billion. The insurance sector recorded a continuous growth, with revenue of MOP8.89 billion, which translates a significant increment of 30.2%.
建築及房地產業 Construction and Real Estate Sector
2014年全年私人工程新動工樓宇總建築面積下降6.6%至223.9萬平方米，單位數目為1,900個，下降15.2%。期內，私人工程建成樓宇總建築面積下降21.7%至44萬平方米，然而，單位數目則大幅上升128%至3,001個，其中住宅建成總面積急升222.5%至31.6萬平方米，單位數目增幅高達173.5%至2,885個。物業市場方面，按繳納物業轉移印花稅統計之樓宇買賣單位數目下降31.2%至13,230個，總買賣價值下降12.9%達836.9億澳門元，其中住宅單位買賣數目下降36.7%至7,625個，而其買賣價值亦相應下降27%至498億澳門元。
In 2014, gross floor area of new buildings started by private projects down by 6.6% to 2.239 million sq.m., providing 1,900 units, with a decrease of 15.2%. Gross floor area of buildings completed by private projects dropped by 21.7% to 440 thousand sq.m., yet providing 3,001 units, with an increase of 128%, of which new residential area rose significantly by 222.5% to 316 thousand sq.m., and providing 2,885 units with an increase of 173.5%. Regarding the real estate market, as per the record of stamp duty, 13,230 units were transacted with a decrease of 31.2%; the total amount of transactions dropped by 12.9% to MOP83.69 billion; of which 7,625 residential units were transacted with a decrease of 36.7%, and the total amount of transactions also decreased by 27% to MOP49.8 billion.
會展業 Conventionsand Exhibitions
會展業平穩發展，2014年全年共舉辦會議及展覽活動1,055項，按年增加25項；其中會議活動968項，按年增加4項，與會者下降9.9%至12.7萬人次，平均會期1.9天。同期，舉辦了展覽活動87項，按年增加21項，入場人次上升31.4%至249萬人次，平均展期為3.3天。
The development of the conventions and exhibitionswas moderate. A total of 1,055 convention and exhibition activities were heldin 2014, recorded an increase of 25 events over the previous year, of which 968conventions were held, with a slightly increase of 4 year-on-year. The numberof participants and attendees soared by 9.9% to 127 thousands; the averageduration was 1.9 day. Meanwhile, there were 87 exhibitions held in 2014 with anincrease of 21 exhibitions year-on-year. The total number of participants andattendees increased significantly by 31.4% to 2.49 million; the averageduration was 3.3 days.
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