一帶一路 | 由尼赫魯開始的中間路線(下)

中華人民共和國建立以前，毛澤東擔心沒有別國會承認中國。尼赫魯和他的好友、緬甸總理吳努的湧現，以及他倆在萬隆會議上幫助周恩來大出風頭，使這一擔心成為多餘。

Before the found of the People’s Republic of China, Mao once worried that China were in the list of countries within limited recognition. However, the appearance of Nehru and his friends and Wunu, the prime minister of Burma and their help for Zhou Enlai on the Bandung Conference indicated that Mao’s worry was unnecessary.

1955年，美國想捧出印度來取代中國在安理會常任理事國的地位，尼赫魯堅決拒絕，認為這一席位屬於中華人民共和國。即使1962年在中印邊境戰爭時印度吃了敗仗，使他在精神、健康、國際威望都受到最沉重的打擊，但尼赫魯仍然在國際大學講演中突出譚雲山為印中友好的象徵，強調印度決不“與中國文化或者與中國的偉大開戰”。

In 1955, the United States tried to promote India to take over China’s position as a permanent seat in the United Nations Security Council. However, Nehru set himself against this promotion because he believed that the permanent seat in the United Nations Security Council belong to China beyond doubt. Although India lost in the Sino-Indian Border War in 1962, which made him suffered the hard hit in the respect of his spirit, health and international prestige, he still highlighted Tan Yunshan as the symbol of the friendship between India and China on his speech in the International University. On his speech, he stressed that India would never fight with China.

由於對尼赫魯缺乏深刻的研究，所以中國統治精英對他的誤解很深，我覺得這很不公平，應該改正。例如，印度是世界上最虔誠的社會（印度人信神不像其他民族那種狹隘、排外），達賴喇嘛是“活佛”，他走到印度任何地方都被廣大群眾視為神明。尼赫魯在1959年以前，曾兩度把這位到了印度就不想回西藏的活佛送走。達賴逃亡印度，尼赫魯從良心、人情、道義上都不能拒絕收留，所以這並不能視為他“反華”的罪狀。

China’s governing elites held deep misunderstanding to Nehru lied in the lack of profound understanding of him. I believed that this was unfair to him and the view to him should be corrected. For example, India was the most devout country in the world. Their religious belief were not narrow and not exclusive. So the dalai lama was sorshipped as deity when he were in India. Before 1959, Nehru tried to send the dalai lama back to China but failed. Nehru fled from home to India, Nehru could not refuse him conscientiously, emotionally and morally, and this could not be seen as his guilt of anti-China.

進入新世紀以來，中印兩國關係保持了良好的發展勢頭。１９９９年６月，印度外長賈什萬特·辛格訪華，兩國外長達成兩點共識：一是中印關係發展的前提是互不視對方為威脅；二是中印關係發展的基礎是兩國共同宣導的和平共處五項原則。雙方願意共同努力推動雙邊關係繼續恢復和改善。雙方的共同努力終於使中印關係回到了正確的軌道。

Since entering the new century, China and India maintain the good momentum of development. In June 1999, Jia waterlooville singh, the foreign minister of India, visited China, and the foreign minister of China and India reach two consensuses. The first consensus was the precondition of the development of relation between China and India was they agreed both of they were not the threat of each other. The second consensus was the development of relation between China and India based on the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence initiated by China and India. We could see that both China and India were willing to work together to promote the improvement of their bilateral relations. Both China and India devoted themselves to get the Sino-indian relations back to the right track.