一帶一路 | 走進日本之日本的氣候 Climate

氣候

Climate

日本氣候的一大特徵是四季氣溫變化分明。日本自北向南跨越了約25個緯度，冬季受源自西伯利亞的季風的影響，夏季受來自太平洋的季風影響。儘管國土面積狹小，日本卻具有四個不同的氣候特徵。

A major feature of Japan’s climate is the clear-cut temperature changes between the four seasons. From north to south, Japan covers a range of latitude of some 25 degrees and is influenced in the winter by seasonal winds blowing from Siberia and in the summer by seasonal winds blowing from the Pacific Ocean. In spite of its rather small area, Japan is characterized by four different climatic patterns.

北海道屬於亞北極氣候類型，年平均氣溫只有8℃，年平均降水量為1,150毫米。從本州北部的東北地區到九州，靠太平洋一側的地區屬於溫帶，受來自太平洋的季風的影響，夏季非常炎熱；從大陸吹來的濕冷季風在前進過程中受到脊樑般橫亙在日本中部的中部阿爾卑斯山脈和其他山脈的阻擋，在朝向日本海的一側造成大量的雨雪天氣。沖繩縣的西南部島嶼屬亞熱帶氣候，年平均溫度在22℃以上，降水量超過2,000毫米。

Hokkaido, with a subarctic weather pattern, has a yearly average temperature of eight degrees centigrade and receives an average annual precipitation of 1,150 millimeters. The Pacific Ocean side of Japan, from the Tohoku region of northern Honshu to Kyushu, belongs to the temperate zone, and its summers are hot, influenced by seasonal winds from the Pacific. The side of the country which faces the Sea of Japan has a climate with much rain and snow, produced when cold, moisture-bearing seasonal winds from the continent are stopped in their advance by the Central Alps and other mountains which run along Japan’s center like a backbone. The southwestern islands of Okinawa Prefecture belong to the subtropical climate zone and have a yearly average temperate of over 22 degrees, while receiving over 2,000 millimeters of precipitation.