一帶一路 | 走進印度之印度漁業和畜牧業

漁業

Fishery

印度海岸線長7,516公里,有50萬平方公里的淺海區及3,937個漁村,全國漁船約80萬艘,每年捕獲量約380萬噸,其中93%由簡單的中小型漁船于近海捕撈,7%由大型漁船至東部海岸專門捕蝦.主要出口國為日本,美國,歐洲,中國大陸及東南亞各國.

The coastline of India is 7,516 kilometers. India has 50 square kilometers shallow water areas and 3,937 fishing village. There are about 800,000 fishing boats. Every year there is about 3.8 million tons of the catching, about 93% are caught from offshore by middle and small fishing boats, about 7% are caught by large fishing boats which are good at catching shrimp. The shrimp they caught are mainly exported to Japan, United States, Europe, mainland China and the Southeast Asian countries.

畜牧

Animal Husbandry

印度飼養家畜共4.7億頭,包括乳牛2億頭,水牛9,000萬頭及大量的羊,豬雞,駱駝等,牛奶及蛋類產量成長快速,從事畜牧業投資報酬高於農耕.原因在於印度僅有1/3的耕地配有灌溉系統,其餘需仰賴降雨,而印度每年降雨量有3/4來自7至9月的季風降雨,雨量不穩定,全印度耕地約有1/4常遭水患,故應改進灌溉技術及系統,並提高農耕及施肥技術始能提高收成.

There are altogether 470 million livestock in India including 200 million cattle, 90 million water buffalos and tons of Sheep, pigs, chickens, camel, etc. The output of milk and eggs are growing. The income engaging animal husbandry is higher than farming. The reason is in India there are only 1/3 faming land equipping with irrigation system, the rest of the lands are deeply relying on the rainfall. There are ¾ rainfall brought from the monsoon rain, which starts from July and end by the September. Therefore the rainfall is not very stable. There are about ¼ farming lands suffer floods. Therefore, in order to get a better harvest, to update the irrigation technology, irrigation system and improve the farming and fertilization technology are of emergent.